Structures and process for producing same, as well as associated elements and sets of construction elements

ABSTRACT

A retaining wall includes a fore-structure including a material supporting member, at least one abutment on the material supporting member, and at least one solid body anchor member. A bulk material filling is disposed rearward of the fore-structure and has a portion acting with a forwardly-directed force on the fore-structure. A flexible sheet material member interconnects the fore-structure and the bulk material filling for resisting forward movement of the fore-structure under the influence of the forwardly-directed force. The solid body anchor member is disposed forward of an abutment surface on the abutment, and the abutment surface blocks rearward movement of the solid body anchor member relative to the material supporting member. The sheet material member has a loop section extending at least partially around the solid body anchor member. At least a portion of the loop section extends between the solid body anchor member and the abutment surface. The sheet material member has first and second end sections connected with the loop section. The end sections extend rearward from the loop section and from the fore-structure in a direction into the bulk material filling. The end sections are disposed in an overlying force-transmitting relationship with each other, and are anchored in the bulk material filling to place the sheet material member in tension under the influence of the forwardly-directed force. The abutment surface extends in a direction generally transverse to the direction of tension of the sheet material member.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to structures, particularly lattice structures,for example in the form of retaining walls for slopes or room-dividingsupporting walls, as well as a process for the manufacture of suchstructures. Furthermore, the invention relates to associatedconstruction elements and sets of construction elements.

2. Description of the Prior Art

With support structures of the present type, in the interest of itstechnical and economical success, it is important to produce thefrictionally-linked or form-locking connection between the fore-part andthe bulk filler in as simple but also in as effective a manner aspossible. As known, the mentioned connection is achieved by anarrangement of the material lengths in such a way that they loop aroundanchors connected with the fore-part or its structural elements and thenextend into the bulk filler, where they are in turn anchored due tostatic friction and/or denticulation. However, during this process, aguiding of lengths of flat materials through recesses in the structuralelements--a costly work process-is to be avoided. Simultaneously, astructural form of the structural elements and of the anchors, which canbe produced in a simple and cost-efficient manner, is sought.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A primary task of the invention is the creation of a support structurein which the aforementioned requirements are met. The task extendsfurther to a process wherein the bulk filling behind chessboard-likefore-parts, as preferably used for support structures of the presenttype, can be compressed in a rapid and disturbance-free manner, i.e.,most of all without forcing the bulk filler through the gaps of thechessboard-like arrangement.

Another task of the invention is the creation of structures orassociated construction elements and sets of construction elements whichcreate an advance, i.e., with respect to stability of the structure, aswell as to the stability of its interior linkage between thelattice-structured fore-part and the load-bearing structure locatedbehind it, and with respect to the stability of the structuralcomponents themselves. Furthermore, one aspect of the task of theinvention is directed toward a reduction in the manufacturing costs,i.e. toward the cost of the construction elements as well as the actualerection of the structure. In this connection, the invention alsoaddresses the manufacturing processes. An additional aspect of the taskof the invention is directed toward an improvement of the facade area ofthe structure with respect to technical function and aesthetic form.

The solution to this task of the invention is determined in a number ofvariations by the characteristics of the patent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The characteristics and advantages of the invention are explained indetail by means of the examples which are schematically illustrated inthe drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-section showing a structure in accordancewith a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1a illustrates a lattice structure constructed in accordance with asecond embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged rear view of a portion of the structure of FIG.1a;

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 illustrates an anchor connection in accordance with anotherembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing another anchor construction;

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing yet another anchorconstruction;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 showing another anchor construction;

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing another anchor construction;

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 showing another anchor construction;

FIG. 10 shows a form of anchoring connection in accordance with anotherembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 illustrates yet another type of anchoring construction;

FIG. 12 illustrates a further type of anchoring construction;

FIG. 13 illustrates yet another type of anchoring construction;

FIG. 14 illustrates a lattice structure in accordance with anotherembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 shows a concrete structure having water run-off grooves;

FIGS. 16 and 17 are partial sectional views of a lattice structure inaccordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a plan view of a lattice structure including one or morefloor elements; and

FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate box-shaped structural parts inside a latticestructure in accordance with a final embodiment of the presentinvention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A first arrangement of the invention is explained by means of thestructure shown schematically in FIG. 1 in vertical cross section.

The structure, a suspended structure formed as a lattice construction,consists of a fore-part (1) and a bulk filler (2), which is essentiallyarranged behind the pre-structure. The pre-structure comprises a numberof frame- or trough-like structural elements (3) which, when viewedtoward the front of the structure, are arranged in chessboard-likedistribution either adjacent to each other or one on top of the other.In this way, inside the wall front between the structural elements, alsochessboard-like gaps (4) are created. The bulk material extends intothese hollow spaces (5) of the structural elements (3) and into thesegaps (4) of the wall front in order to create here a number of evenlydistributed batters (5).

The fore-part and bulk filler, through a number of flexible flat bracingelements (6), so-called "geotextile lengths," are frictionally-connectedwith each other through tensile force in a form-locking manner. The wallfore-part, for a number of structural elements, has at least onecorresponding anchoring element (7), surrounded entirely or partially bya flat bracing element (6) which is connected with the wall fore-part(1) in a load-transmitted manner. The flat bracing elements extend fromthe wall fore-part into the bulk filler and are anchored in same throughweight distribution and compression in a form-locking orfrictionally-connected manner. In this way, the fore-part, which initself is not fixed or which may even require support, forms a stableunit together with the equally nonfixed bulk filler.

The anchors grip behind abutment (8), formed in the area of the rear ofthe fore-part and protruding freely in an upward direction essentiallytransverse to the direction of pull of the flat bracing elements. Inthis manner, a form-locking connection is established between the anchorand the structural element. The flat bracing elements extend, afterlooping around the anchor with at least partially-adjoiningto-and-return strand (9 or 10), beyond the abutment toward the bulkfiller. An arrangement wherein the abutment protrudes from above in adownward direction may also be considered. In the example, the flatbracing elements extend between the anchor and the abutment so that adesired bracing of the material lengths results. However, a merelypartial looping around the anchors or an absent or merely partialextension of the bracing elements between the anchor and the abutment isalso considered. With the advantage of a simple form and producibility,in the example, the abutments are arranged at the rear of the structuralelements and formed as strip-like flanges with a longitudinal edge whichfreely protrudes in an upward direction.

During the manufacture of the structure, the bulk filler is introducedand compressed in layers at the rear of the fore-part in accordance withthe layered erection of the fore-part.

During the introduction and/or compression of one layer of bulk filler,the gaps between the horizontally adjacent structural elements of alayer are bridged by at least one support carrier (11), which at leastat its end sections has an angular profile and supports itself whilemaintaining this profile in the horizontal and vertical directions onthe respectively adjacent structural elements, and for its part,supports the bulk filler, located in the respective gap, againstdisplacement toward the front of the structure.

Another arrangement of the invention is shown in the perspective view ofFIG. 1a. Here, a lattice structure is involved, in fact, an embankmentwall, with a fore-part (VB), which is constructed as a lattice structurefrom solid support elements (FTE) and with a load-bearing structure (MT)containing loose or solidified filler (FMK), is connected in aform-locking and/or frictionally-connected manner with the fore-part. Itmay possibly be advantageous to unite several fore-parts and severalload-bearing structures through an appropriate form-locking orfrictionally-connected linkage into a total structure. In the fore-part(VB), a number of box- and frame-like support elements (FTE), havingpreferably flat front sections (FAB), is arranged along the width andheight in a grid-like distribution. At least one portion of the supportelements (FTE), intermediate support elements (ZTF or ZTS) are providedwhich preferably extend horizontally and along the wall plane (E--E) andare connected with adjacent sections of the lattice support elements.

In detail, in the arrangements according to FIGS. 2 and 3, intermediatesupport elements (ZTF) [are provided], which are connected throughform-locking notch connections (FR) with adjacent sections of the samelattice support element. Furthermore, with these arrangements, otherintermediate support elements (ZTS) are connected in a retentive manner,particularly in a single piece, with adjacent sections of the samelattice support element. Depending on the existing static demands andsoil conditions, such intermediate support elements may be connectedwith a front area and/or a rear area of a lattice support element or oftwo adjacent lattice support elements. Indications to that effect areshown in the mentioned figures also for the lower or upper areas of alattice support element. These varying arrangements offer differentadvantages. A rearward arrangement of the intermediate support elementpermits preferably an additional support or anchoring function betweenthe respective main support element and the bulk filler of theload-bearing structure by embedding an intermediate support element ormore of same in the pourable or also solidified bulk filler. Anarrangement in the front, and mostly also in the upper area of the mainsupport element, however, is preferably taken into consideration foradditional holding of plantable bulk filler in the fore-part. Anarrangement in the lower and mostly also in the rearward area of themain support element offers advantages, for example, with respect to anadditional anchoring function by means of flexible anchoring elements,particularly in the form of geotextile lengths (GTX), which, on the onehand, loop around an intermediate support element or around several ofthese and, on the other hand, are form-locked and/orfrictionally-connected with the bulk filler of the load-bearingstructure.

The FIGS. 4 to 6 show special arrangements of a frictionally-connectedor even form-locking arrangement of the fore-part or its supportelements with the bulk filler of the load-bearing structure through aflexible, preferably flat, pulling-anchoring element (GTX), or more ofsame. For this purpose, for at least one lattice support element, atleast one at least partially elongated anchoring connection element(VAE) is provided which extends essentially transverse to the anchoringdirection of pull, which is surrounded, at least in part, by at leastone such anchoring element, preferably a geotextile length. At thelattice support element itself, at least one abutment (WL), which iseffectively connected with the anchoring connection element, is providedwith at least one support surface (STF), extending at an angle,preferably transversely, to the anchoring direction of pull and with atleast one deflection edge (UK) protruding in a downward direction andextending also at an angle, preferably transversely, to the anchoringdirection of pull for the flexible anchoring element. The flexibleanchoring element extends underneath this deflection edge into the bulkfiller of the load-bearing structure. Such an arrangement favors anelongation of the anchoring element inside the bulk filler opposite thedeflection edge and thus permits a taught anchoring. Furthermore, theoccurrence of overturning moments having an effect on the anchoringconnection element is prevented.

In the latter mentioned arrangements, the abutment for the anchoringconnection element which here, for example, is rod-like, is constructedin such a way that the result is an at least in part a form-locking seat(AFN), here particularly groove- or slit-like, with at least twoopposing support surfaces (STF), equally extending, at least in part, atan angle, preferably transverse to the anchoring direction of pull forthe anchoring connection element. In accordance with FIGS. 5 and 6, thebeam and seat cross section is trapezoided or wedge-like, whereby, in asimple manner, the possibility of a secure wedging of the connectionelement at the support element is achieved.

With the arrangement in accordance with FIG. 5, a pulling-through of thegeotextile length through the slit-like seat from above is required;however, this is offset by the advantage of an absolutely secureform-locking connection with the support element, mostly when thegeotextile loop wrapping around the connection element is securedthrough a knotted or welded seam. For this arrangement, the followingparticularly advantageous structural process results:

a primary bearing surface, possibly with inserted foundation or supportelements, is planned from pourable or solidifiable bulk filler;

in alignment, in accordance with a predetermined position, at least onelattice support element, which is provided with at least one preferablyrod-like anchoring connection element and at least one flexibleanchoring element surrounding same, at least in part and preferably inrolled up form, is applied to the supporting surface;

the flexible anchoring element is laid out in stretched form on thesupporting surface in the provided anchoring direction of pull;

possibly after additional attachment of the flexible anchoring elementin the bulk filler, located behind the lattice support element on thesupporting surface and the flexible anchoring element laid out there,bulk filler is applied and preferably compacted, and preferably on thelevel of the upper edge of the previously applied lattice supportelement, a new supporting surface or an upper end surface is planned.

Clearly, this work procedure, for a layer-by-layer construction of thefore-part lattice and of the load-bearing structure, offers theessential advantage that for each layer only one planing stage must beundertaken and that all work essentially takes place on one level.

In contrast thereto, the arrangement of FIG. 6 distinguishes itself byits particularly simple and work-saving assembly. The following workprocess is considered which, by the way, also realizes the specificadvantages of the latter described process:

An initial supporting surface, possibly with inserted foundation orsupport elements, is planned from pourable or solidifiable bulk filler;

in alignment, in accordance with a predetermined position, at least onepreferably rod-like anchoring connection element, which is alreadyprovided with at least one looping flexible anchoring element, is placedon the supporting surface;

the flexible anchoring element is laid out on the supporting surface andstretched in the provided anchoring direction of pull;

at least one lattice support element, which has at least one abutmentand at least a downwardly directed deflection edge, is placed in thepredetermined alignment on the anchoring connection element whiletensioning the flexible anchoring element in such a way that theabutment grips behind the anchoring connection element in the anchoringdirection of pull and supports same against this direction;

possibly, after additional fastening of the flexible anchoring elementin the bulk filler located behind the lattice support element, bulkfiller is applied to the supporting surface and the flexible anchoringelement laid out there and preferably compressed; preferably at upperedge level of the previously placed lattice support element, a newsupporting surface or an upper end surface is created.

However, in the arrangements in accordance with the FIGS. 7 to 9, slit-or groove- or trough-like seats with opposing support or contactsurfaces for the anchoring connection element are also provided with theaid of special steps for securing the position. In accordance with FIG.7, a rod- or pin-like securing element (SE1) is placed into aform-adapted opening (DS) in the side walls (SW) of the lattice supportelement. This securing element supports the girder-like anchoringconnection element from above and thus prevents a lifting of the latterunder the effect of the pulling forces of the geotextile element. Asimilar result is achieved in the arrangement in accordance with FIG. 8by means of a girder-like shim securing element (SE2), which iswedge-like in cross section and which also effects a support of theanchoring connection element against lifting and tilting, but does notrequire an opening in the side walls of the lattice support element.Again, a similar result is achieved with the arrangement, in accordancewith FIG. 9, without any type of additional element through a comparablylarge difference in height between the support surfaces (STF) facingeach other inside the receiving element for the anchoring connectionelement.

Furthermore, an undesirable wedging, which may possibly be undesirabledue to the threat of damage, of the geotextile element between theconcrete surfaces in the area of the anchoring connection element may beprevented in the manner shown in FIG. 10. Subsequently, the latticesupport element will have at least one support surface (STFa), providedwith interruptions or shoulders (UA), which engages only a predeterminednumber of sections, preferably only at both end sections of theanchoring connection element and, otherwise, extends at a [certain]distance from the anchoring connection element. Thus, the result is aflawless functional separation between the geotextile connection, on theone hand, and the form-locking connection between the connection elementand the support element, on the other.

With the arrangements, in accordance with FIGS. 11 to 13, for theform-locking connection of pull-anchoring elements with lattice supportelements, a preferably girder-like anchoring connection element is alsoprovided, however, in connection with various form-locking arrangementsfor securing the position of the connection element. In accordance withFIG. 11, the position-securing arrangement is in the form of a screwconnection (LVS) with a bracket joint engaging the connection element;however, in accordance with FIG. 12, it is in the form of a simple flatgirder (LVB) which rests on the connection element, and due to its deadload and the load created by the bulk filler, creates a safety weightagainst lifting and tilting of the connection element. The securingdevice, in accordance with FIG. 13, is similar to the one in accordancewith FIG. 7; however, here, the girder is envisioned as a securingelement which extends across the entire width of the box-like latticesupport element and which has been pushed through openings (OE) in bothside walls and which omits a slit- or groove-like seat with two supportsurfaces.

FIG. 14, in turn, shows a lattice structure with fore-part (VB) which isin the form of a lattice with solid support elements and is connected ina form-locking or frictionally-connected manner with a load-bearingsupport structure (MT), containing pourable or solidified bulk filler(FMA) and with the fore-part, wherein the fore-part has a number ofsupport elements (FTE) which are arranged in the direction of width andheight in a grid-like manner and are box- or frame-like. The distinctivefeature here lies in the fact that in the area of an edge (FK) of thefront surface of the lattice structure, extending parallel or in anacute angle to the vertical, at least a portion of the support elements,adjacent to this edge, in the assembly state, has at least side edges(SBK) which are nearly parallel to each other. This results in a certainprotection of the bulk filler against being washed out and asatisfactory aesthetic effect for the facade.

FIG. 15 shows a concrete structure with flat front elements which arearranged side-by-side and one on top of the other. In the front surfaceof the structure, at least close to the direction of drop-off waterrun-off grooves (WAR) are formed which connect to a depression orjuncture (VT) extending parallel or at an acute angle to the horizontal.The water run-off grooves have a broad upper and a narrower lowersection, as well as a transition section arranged between them, with apartially pyramidal or conical surface. Such a facade formation preventsan irregular distribution of run-off, rain water and sediment,throughout of the visible surface, and thus permits an aestheticallypleasing facade structuring.

The FIGS. 16 and 17 show a partial section of a lattice structure withbox- or frame-like support elements (FTE), which have at least alongitudinal support (LT) and at least a cross support (QT), molded orplaced on the latter and/or a floor section (BA) [not shown]. In thearea between the longitudinal support and the cross-support or floorsection, recesses (ASN), which are open toward the top, are formed forengagement with support elements (STE) of an adjacent structuralelement. This permits, in a simple way, a form-locking securing of theposition of the stacked supporting elements.

FIG. 18 shows, in a planar view, two adjacent structural components fora lattice structure with at least one front element (FW) and at leasttwo mutually spaced side elements (SW). Possibly, at least a rearwardelement may also be provided. Here, as a special feature, a floorelement (BE) is provided which can be placed into the interior of thestructural component and can be connected with the front element (FW)and/or the side elements (SW) in a form-locking manner. Furthermore, inaccordance with FIG. 18, the front element is provided with at least onelateral demarcation, preferably with two opposing lateral demarcations,wherein at least one lateral demarcation, in a planar view, freelyprotrudes beyond the correspondingly adjacent lateral element. Here, themaximum height of the front element is smaller than the maximum heightof the lateral element. Furthermore, it is of significance, that thefloor element, with at least one lateral demarcation, preferably withtwo opposing lateral demarcations, freely protrudes, in a planar view,beyond the respectively adjacent lateral element. Furthermore, a lateralfreely protruding floor section is arranged at a distance from the frontelement, preferably in the rearward area of a lateral element.Subsequently, lateral freely-protruding floor sections will be providedrespectively between a freely-protruding front element and the outsideof an adjacent lateral element. These may preferably be in the form of atriangle. Reinforcement elements, arranged in a bent-in angle betweenadjacent wall sections and connected in a retentive manner with thesetwo wall sections, preferably in a single piece, yield an essentialstabilization of the structural component while using little material.As can also be seen, to at least one wall section, projections withsupporting surfaces for connecting elements are molded. Finally, similarto the arrangement explained by means of FIGS. 7 and 13, openings areformed for the insertion of rod-like supporting or holding elements inthe lateral wall sections.

FIGS. 19 and 20 show box-like structural parts in grid-like compositioninside a lattice structure. Each structural component is provided with afront wall, which is upright in cross section, and with equally erecttransverse or lateral walls, as well as with a rear wall and a floorelement. Here, a front wall of a lesser maximum height with respect tothe transverse or side wall and, in the arrangement according to FIG.19, a rearward inclined front edge of the transverse or side wall isessential. This arrangement permits a comparably large access for theplantable filling of the fore-part without influencing the supportbetween the stacked structural components, i.e., without reducing thebonding strength of the fore-part.

Furthermore, it is essential that the front sections (FAB) of at leastone part of the corresponding adjacent support elements (FTE) areconnected by means of bridging elements (KLE) whose shape is adapted tothe abutting profile contours. In this way, a washing-out of the bulkfiller can be safely prevented.

I claim:
 1. A construction, particularly a wall, comprising:afore-structure, and behind said fore-structure a bulk material filling;the fore-structure and the bulk material filling being connected witheach other by at least one flexible flat material sheet, preferably by aplurality of such sheets; the fore-structure comprising at least onesolid-body anchor around which is looped at least partially a flatmaterial sheet and being in a force-transmitting connection with thefore-structure; first and second sections of the flat material sheetextending under tension from the fore-structure into the bulk materialfilling and being secured therein; the solid-body anchor engagingagainst at least one abutment disposed at a rear portion of thefore-structure so as to project upward or downward substantiallytransverse to the direction of tension of said flat material sheet; theflexible flat material sheet after its loop around said anchor extendingaround said abutment to the bulk material filling, the first and secondsections of said flat material sheet extending to and returning fromsaid loop being in a force-transmitting relationship with each other. 2.A construction according to claim 1 in which said flat material sheetextends at least partially between said solid-body anchor and saidabutment.
 3. A construction according to one of claims 1 and 2, in whichthe fore-structure is formed as a space-lattice work composed ofbuilding elements arranged one above the other and/or side by side, andcharacterized in that there is at least one abutment being arranged atthe back of each such building element and having a longitudinal edgeprojecting upward.
 4. A construction, in particular a slope supportingwall or a stand-alone space partition wall, comprising at least onefore-structure (VB) formed as a space-lattice work with solid-bodybearing elements, and further comprising at least one bearing-by-massstructure (MT) containing filling material, said bearing-by-massstructure being connected with the fore-structure by at least oneflexible generally planar anchoring element in tension, and saidfore-structure (VB) comprising a plurality of box-shaped bearingelements (FTE), which have preferably planar front parts (FAB) and whichare arranged in a raster-like distribution extending in horizontal andvertical direction, in particular a construction according to anyone ofthe preceding claims, characterized in that at least for onespace-lattice bearing element there is provided an at least partiallyelongated anchoring connection element (VAE) which extends substantiallytransverse to the anchoring tension direction and which is at leastpartially looped by at least one flexible anchoring element, preferablyby a geotextile sheet (GTX), further characterized in that saidspace-lattice bearing element has at least one abutment (WL) being inoperational connection with said anchoring connection element (VAE),which abutment (WL) has at least one supporting surface extending at anangle, preferably transverse, to the anchoring tension direction, andwhich abutment (WL) further has a diverting edge (UK) for said flexibleanchoring element, the diverting edge (UK) projecting downward and alsoextending at an angle, preferably transverse, to the anchoring tensiondirection, the construction further being characterized in that the saidflexible anchoring element extends below said diverting edge (UK) intothe filling material of said bearing-by-mass structure.
 5. Construction,in particular a slope supporting wall or a stand-alone space partitionwall, comprising at least one fore-structure (VB) formed at leastpartially as a space-lattice work, and further comprising at least onebearing-by-mass structure (MT) containing filling material which iscapable of being poured or in a solidified condition, saidbearing-by-mass structure being connected positively or frictionallywith the fore-structure by at least one flexible and preferably planaranchoring element in tension, and said fore-structure (VB) comprising aplurality of box-shaped bearing elements (FTE), which have preferablyplanar front parts (FAB) and which are arranged in a raster-likedistribution extending in horizontal and vertical direction, inparticular a construction according to any one of the preceding claims,characterized in that there is at least one space-lattice bearingelement being provided with at least one anchoring connection element(VAE) which is at least partially of elongated shape and extends at anangle, preferably transverse, to the anchoring tension direction, andwhich anchoring connection element is at least partially looped by atleast one flexible anchoring element, preferably by a geotextile sheet(GTX), the construction being further characterized in that on saidspace-lattice bearing element there is formed at least one receptacle(AFN) which in its shape is adapted to said anchoring connection elementat least by sections and which has at least two supporting surfaces forthe anchoring connection element, said supporting surfaces alsoextending at least partially at an angle, preferably transverse, to theanchoring tension direction.
 6. Construction according to claim 5,characterized in that there is provided at least one groove-like orslot-like receptacle (AFN) for said anchoring connection element, saidreceptacle extending substantially transverse to the anchoring tensiondirection.
 7. Construction according to claim 6, characterized in thatthere is provided at least one groove-like or slot-like receptacle (AFN)of trapezoidal cross-section and at least one beam-like anchoringconnection element corresponding in shape.
 8. Construction according toany one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is providedat least one beam-like anchoring connection element, and in that thereis a space-lattice bearing element having at least one supportingsurface which engages only selected portions of said anchoringconnection element, preferably only the end sections thereof, and whichis spaced apart at other locations from said anchoring connectionelement.
 9. Construction, in particular a slope supporting wall or astand-alone space partition wall, comprising at least one fore-structure(VB) formed at least partially as a space-lattice work with solid-bodybearing elements, and further comprising at least one bearing-by-massstructure (MT) containing filling material which is capable of beingpoured or in a solidified condition, said bearing-by-mass structurebeing connected positively or frictionally with the fore-structure by atleast one flexible and preferably planar anchoring element in tension,and said fore-structure (VB) comprising a plurality of box-shapedbearing elements (FTE), which have preferably planar front parts (FAB)and which are arranged in a raster-like distribution extending inhorizontal and vertical direction, in particular a constructionaccording to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that forestablishing a positive connection of at least one anchoring element intension with at least one space-lattice bearing element there isprovided a preferably beam-like anchoring connection element, and inthat there is provided at least one position securing device (LVS)capable of being connected with said space-lattice bearing element andengaging said anchoring connection element (VAE).
 10. Constructionaccording to claim 9, characterized in that said position securingdevice has at least one securing support element capable of beinginserted in said bearing element so as to positively engage saidbeam-like anchoring connection element as well as at least onesupporting surface of said bearing element.
 11. Construction accordingto claim 10, characterized in that there is provided at least onesecuring support element which is also of beam-like shape and capable ofbeing inserted in said bearing element in parallel to said anchoringconnection element.
 12. Construction, in particular a slope supportingwall or a space partition wall, comprising at least one fore-structure(VB) formed at least partially as a space-lattice work with solid-bodybearing elements, and further comprising at least one bearing-by-massstructure (MT) containing filling material which is capable of beingpoured or in a solidified condition, said bearing-by-mass structurebeing connected positively or frictionally with the fore-structure, andsaid fore-structure (VB) comprising a plurality of box-shaped bearingelements (FTE), which have preferably planar front parts (FAB) and whichare arranged in a raster-like distribution extending in horizontal andvertical direction, in particular a construction according to any one ofthe preceding claims, characterized in that intermediate bearingelements (ZTF, ZTS) which preferably extend horizontally and along awall plane (E--E) are connected with at least part of said bearingelements (FTE) and are connected with neighboring sections of saidbearing elements.
 13. Construction according to claim 12, characterizedin that at least one intermediate bearing element (ZTF) is secured toneighboring sections of one and the same space-lattice bearing element(FTE) by means of positive lock-in connections (FR).
 14. Constructionaccording to claim 12, characterized in that there is at least oneintermediate bearing element (ZTF) which is materially connected, inparticular by a unique-piece connection, with neighboring sections ofone and the same space-lattice bearing element (FTE).
 15. Constructionaccording to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that there is atleast one intermediate bearing element which is connected with a frontregion of a space-lattice bearing element or of two neighboringspace-lattice bearing elements.
 16. Construction according to any one ofclaims 12 to 15, characterized in that there is at least oneintermediate bearing element which is connected with a back region of aspace-lattice bearing element.
 17. Construction according to any one ofclaims 12 to 16, characterized in that there is at least oneintermediate bearing element which is connected with a lower region of aspace-lattice bearing element.
 18. Construction according to any one ofclaims 12 to 17, characterized in that there is at least oneintermediate bearing element which is connected with an upper region ofa space-lattice bearing element.
 19. Construction according to any oneof claims 12 to 18, characterized in that there is at least oneintermediate bearing element (ZTR) which is embedded in filling material(FMA) which is capable of being poured or in a solidified condition. 20.Construction according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized inthat there is at least one intermediate bearing element which isconnected by means of at least one flexible anchoring element, inparticular by means of a geotextile sheet (GTX), with the fillingmaterial (FMA) of the bearing-by-mass structure (MT).
 21. Construction,in particular a slope supporting wall or a stand-alone space partitionwall, comprising at least one fore-structure (VB) formed at leastpartially as a space-lattice work with solid-body bearing elements, andfurther comprising at least one bearing-by-mass structure (MT)containing filling material which is capable of being poured or in asolidified condition, said bearing-by-mass structure being connectedpositively or frictionally with the fore-structure, and saidfore-structure (VB) comprising a plurality of box-shaped bearingelements (FTE), which have preferably planar front parts (FAB), inparticular a construction according to any one of the preceding claims,characterized in that said front sections (FAB) at least of some of thefront bearing elements (FTE) located adjacent to each other areconnected by intermediate bearing elements (KLE).
 22. Construction, inparticular a slope supporting wall or a stand-alone space partitionwall, comprising at least one fore-structure (VB) formed at leastpartially as a space-lattice work with solid-body bearing elements, andfurther comprising at least one bearing-by-mass structure (MT)containing filling material which is capable of being poured or in asolidified condition, said bearing-by-mass structure being connectedpositively or frictionally with the fore-structure, and saidfore-structure (VB) comprising a plurality of box-shaped bearingelements (FTE), which have preferably planar front parts (FAB), inparticular a construction according to any one of the preceding claims,characterized in that in the region of at least part of re-entrant orprojecting front face edges of the construction extending in parallel orat an acute angle to the vertical, the bearing elements which arelocated adjacent to said edges have side limitation edges which extendat least approximately parallel to each other.
 23. Construction ofconcrete with front elements arranged side by side and one above theother according to claim 1 characterized in that in the front face ofthe construction there are formed water drain-off grooves, which extendgenerally parallel to the line of slope and which are connected to anindentation or joint fissure located thereabove and extending inparallel or at an acute angle to the horizontal.
 24. Construction ofconcrete with front elements arranged side by side and one above theother, according to claim 23, characterized in that at least some ofsaid water drain-off grooves include an upper section of greater widthand a lower section of smaller width as well as an intermediatetransition section having a surface which is shaped like part of a coneor pyramid.
 25. A box-shaped building element for a space-lattice work,in particular for a construction according to claim 11 or 12, comprisingat least one longitudinal beam (LT) and at least one transverse beam(QT) and/or a bottom section (BA) formed uniquely with or attached tosaid longitudinal beam, characterized in that in the region between thelongitudinal beam (LT) and the transverse beam (QT) or the bottomsection (BA) respectively there are provided excavations (ASN) beingopen upward for engagement by support elements (STE) of a neighboringbuilding element.
 26. A box-shaped building element for a space-latticework, comprising at least one front element (FW) and at least two sideelements (SW) being arranged with mutual distance as well as eventuallya back element, in particular a building element according to claim 25,characterized in that there is provided at least one bottom element (BE)capable of being inserted in the internal space of the building elementand capable of being positively connected with said front element (FW)and/or with said side elements (SW).
 27. A box-shaped building elementfor a space-lattice work, comprising at least one front element (FW), atleast two side elements (SW) arranged with mutual distance, andeventually at least one back element and at least one bottom element, inparticular according to claim 26, characterized in that the frontelement is connected with at least one side limitation, preferably withtwo side limitations arranged oppositely to one another, and furthercharacterized in that said front element projects beyond the adjacentside element in horizontal and/or in vertical direction.
 28. Abox-shaped building element for a space-lattice work, comprising atleast one front element (FW), at least two side elements (SW) arrangedwith mutual distance, at least one bottom element and eventually atleast one back element, in particular according to claim 26,characterized in that least one side limitation, preferably twooppositely arranged side limitations, of the bottom element projectbeyond the adjacent side element.
 29. A box-shaped building elementaccording to claim 28, characterized in that there is at least onelaterally projecting bottom section arranged with distance from thefront element and preferably at the rear of a side element.
 30. Abox-shaped building element for a space-lattice work, comprising atleast two, preferably at least three wall sections which are arranged inrelation to one another under angles, preferably under at leastapproximately right angles, in particular according to claim 25,characterized in that a reinforcing element is provided within are-entering angle formed between adjacent wall sections, saidreinforcing element being connected materially, preferably by aunique-piece connection, at least with both said adjacent wall sections.31. A frame-like building element for a space-lattice work, comprisingat least two, preferably at least three wall sections which are arrangedin relation to one another under angles, preferably under at leastapproximately right angles, in particular according to claim 25,characterized in that in at least one wall section there is formed atleast one hole for inserting therein a preferably rod-like bearing orholding element.
 32. A box-shaped building element for a space-latticework, comprising at least one front wall and at least one transverse orside wall, which walls are arranged so as to stand upright, andeventually further comprising at least one back wall and at least onebottom element, in particular a building element according to claim 25,characterized in that said front wall in relation to said transverse orside wall has a smaller maximum height, and further characterized inthat the front edge of said transverse or side wall slopes rearward. 33.A retaining wall comprising:a fore-structure including a materialsupporting member, at least one abutment on said material supportingmember, and at least one solid body anchor member; a bulk materialfilling disposed rearward of said fore-structure and having a portionacting with a forwardly-directed force on said fore-structure; and atleast one flexible sheet material member interconnecting saidfore-structure and said bulk material filling for resisting forwardmovement of said fore-structure under the influence of saidforwardly-directed force from said bulk material filling; said abutmenthaving at least one abutment surface, said solid body anchor memberbeing disposed forward of said abutment surface, said abutment surfaceblocking rearward movement of said solid body anchor member relative tosaid material supporting member; said sheet material member having aloop section extending at least partially around said solid body anchormember, at least a portion of said loop section of said sheet materialmember extending between said solid body anchor member and said abutmentsurface; said sheet material member having first and second end sectionsconnected with said loop section, said end sections of said sheetmaterial member extending rearward from said loop section and from saidfore-structure in a direction into said bulk material filling, said endsections of said sheet material member being disposed in an overlyingforce-transmitting relationship with each other, said end sections ofsaid sheet material member being anchored in said bulk material fillingto place said sheet material member in tension under the influence ofsaid forwardly-directed force from said bulk material filling; saidabutment surface extending in a direction generally transverse to thedirection of tension of said sheet material member.
 34. A retaining wallas set forth in claim 33 wherein said end sections of said sheetmaterial member extend in a generally horizontal direction into saidbulk material filling;at least portions of said end sections of saidsheet material member being in abutting engagement with each other insaid bulk material filling; and at least a portion of said bulk materialfilling being disposed above said end sections of said sheet materialmember and exerting a downwardly-directed force on said end sections toresist movement of said end sections out of said bulk material fillingunder the influence of said forwardly-directed force.
 35. A retainingwall as set forth in claim 34 wherein said material supporting memberand said solid body anchor member are made from concrete, said abutmentbeing formed as one piece with said material supporting member, saidloop section of said sheet material member extending completely aroundsaid solid body anchor member.